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The Number System & Expressions

Standards: 6.NS.A.1 (Dividing Fractions) Β· 6.NS.B.4 (GCF/LCM) Β· 6.EE.A.1–4 (Exponents & Expressions)

Directions: Read the vocabulary box and the worked examples first. Then complete each problem in the space provided. Use the hint cues if you get stuck. Show your steps.

Vocabulary Helper

πŸ”„ Keep-Change-Flip
To divide fractions: keep the first, change Γ· to Γ—, flip the second.
⬆️ Exponent
A small number that tells how many times to multiply. 4Β³ = 4 Γ— 4 Γ— 4.
🀝 Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
The biggest number that divides evenly into two numbers.
πŸ” Least Common Multiple (LCM)
The smallest number that two numbers both divide into.
πŸ”€ Algebraic Expression
A math phrase with numbers, letters (variables), and operations, like 2x + 3.
πŸ“¦ Distributive Property
Multiply the outside number by each term inside: a(b + c) = ab + ac.

Worked Examples

EXAMPLE A β€” Dividing Fractions (Keep-Change-Flip)

Solve: ΒΎ Γ· β…–

  1. Keep the first fraction: ΒΎ
  2. Change Γ· to Γ—
  3. Flip the second fraction: β…– becomes 5/2
  4. Multiply: ΒΎ Γ— 5/2 = 15/8 = 1 β…ž
EXAMPLE B β€” Evaluate an Expression

Evaluate 3xΒ² + 2 when x = 4

  1. Replace x with 4: 3(4)Β² + 2
  2. Exponent first: 4Β² = 16 β†’ 3(16) + 2
  3. Multiply: 3 Γ— 16 = 48 β†’ 48 + 2
  4. Add: 48 + 2 = 50

Sentence Frames

To divide ΒΎ Γ· Β½, I the first fraction, change Γ· to , and the second fraction.
The GCF of 12 and 18 is because it is the largest factor they share.
The expression 4Β³ means 4 multiplied by itself times, which equals .

Guided Practice

1. Β½ Γ· ΒΌ = ?

Hint: Keep Β½, change to Γ—, flip ΒΌ to 4/1.

2. β…” Γ· β…™ = ?

Hint: Flip β…™ to 6/1, then multiply.

3. What is 5Β³?

Hint: 5Β³ means 5 Γ— 5 Γ— 5.

4. What is the GCF of 12 and 18?

Hint: Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. Factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18. Pick the biggest shared one.

5. What is the LCM of 4 and 6?

Hint: Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12... Multiples of 6: 6, 12... Find the first shared one.

6. Evaluate 2x + 7 when x = 3.

Hint: Replace x with 3: 2(3) + 7.

7. Simplify: 5x + 3 + 2x

Hint: Combine like terms. 5x and 2x are like terms; 3 stays.

8. Use the distributive property: 4(x + 3)

Hint: Multiply 4 by x, then 4 by 3.

9. β…— Γ· β…— = ?

Hint: Any number divided by itself equals 1.

10. Evaluate 10 βˆ’ 2Β³ + 1

Hint: Do the exponent first: 2Β³ = 8. Then left to right.

Answer Key

  1. 2 β€” Β½ Γ— 4/1 = 4/2 = 2
  2. 4 β€” β…” Γ— 6/1 = 12/3 = 4
  3. 125 β€” 5 Γ— 5 Γ— 5 = 125
  4. 6 β€” Both 12 and 18 divide by 6
  5. 12 β€” Smallest number in both lists
  6. 13 β€” 2(3) + 7 = 6 + 7 = 13
  7. 7x + 3
  8. 4x + 12
  9. 1 β€” β…— Γ— 5/3 = 15/15 = 1
  10. 3 β€” 2Β³ = 8, then 10 βˆ’ 8 + 1 = 3